Condensin II Counteracts Cohesin and RNA Polymerase II in the Establishment of 3D Chromatin Organization

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: M. Jordan Rowley, Emory University; Xiaowen Lyu, Emory University; Vibhuti Rana, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth; Masami Ando-Kuri, Emory University; Rachael Karns, Emory University; Giovanni Bosco, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth; Victor Corces, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2019-03-12
• Publisher: Elsevier (Cell Press): OAJ
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2019 The Author(s)
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.116
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Cell Reports
• ISSN: 2211-1247
• Volume: 26
• Issue: 11
• Start Page: 2890
• End Page: +
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported by NIH Pathway to Independence Award K99/R00 GM127671 (M.J.R.) and U.S. Public Health Service Award (R01) GM035463 (V.G.C.) from the NIH.
• Keywords: Life Sciences & Biomedicine; CHROMOSOME; CTCF; DROSOPHILA; MAMMALIAN GENOMES; PRINCIPLES; PROMOTERS; ARCHITECTURE; DOMAINS; Science & Technology; TRANSCRIPTION; Cell Biology; TRANSVECTION
• Research Categories: Biology, Cell; Biology, Molecular

Abstract

Interaction domains in Drosophila chromosomes form by segregation of active and inactive chromatin in the absence of CTCF loops, but the role of transcription versus other architectural proteins in chromatin organization is unclear. Here, we find that positioning of RNAPII via transcription elongation is essential in the formation of gene loops, which in turn interact to form compartmental domains. Inhibition of transcription elongation or depletion of cohesin decreases gene looping and formation of active compartmental domains. In contrast, depletion of condensin II, which also localizes to active chromatin, causes increased gene looping, formation of compartmental domains, and stronger intra-chromosomal compartmental interactions. Condensin II has a similar role in maintaining inter-chromosomal interactions responsible for pairing between homologous chromosomes, whereas inhibition of transcription elongation or cohesin depletion has little effect on homolog pairing. The results suggest distinct roles for cohesin and condensin II in the establishment of 3D nuclear organization in Drosophila.