Shared and distinct resting functional connectivity in children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Xiaojie Guo, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Dongren Yao, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingjiu Cao, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Lu Liu, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Qihua Zhao, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Hui Li, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Fang Huang, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Yanfei Wang, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Qiujin Qian, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Yufeng Wang, Peking University Sixth Hospital; Vince D Calhoun, Emory University; Stuart J Johnstone, University of Wollongong; Jing Sui, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Li Sun, Peking University Sixth Hospital
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-02-12
• Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © The Author(s) 2020
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-0740-y
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
• Volume: 10
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 65
• End Page: 65
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program (Qingjiu Cao, 2016YFC1306103); the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (L.S., 81771479, 81971284), (J.S., 61773380), (L.L., 81873802); the Beijing municipal science and technology Program (L.S., Z171100001017089, Z171100000117004), (J.S., Z181100001518005); Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L.L., 7172245); the National Institutes of Health (V.D.C., R01EB020407, R01EB006841, P20GM103472, and P30GM122734), and the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen “The ADHD research group from Peking University Sixth hospital” (L.S., SZSM201612036).
• Keywords: SYSTEMS; ADHD; RELIABILITY; Science & Technology; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; BRAIN; DEFAULT NETWORK; FMRI; Psychiatry; SELECTION; METAANALYSIS
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Mental Health; Psychology, Behavioral

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often persists into adulthood, with a shift of symptoms including less hyperactivity/impulsivity and more co-morbidity of affective disorders in ADHDadult. Many studies have questioned the stability in diagnosing of ADHD from childhood to adulthood, and the shared and distinct aberrant functional connectivities (FCs) between ADHDchild and ADHDadult remain unidentified. We aim to explore shared and distinct FC patterns in ADHDchild and ADHDadult, and further investigated the cross-cohort predictability using the identified FCs. After investigating the ADHD-discriminative FCs from healthy controls (HCs) in both child (34 ADHDchild, 28 HCs) and adult (112 ADHDadult,77 HCs) cohorts, we identified both shared and distinct aberrant FC patterns between cohorts and their association with clinical symptoms. Moreover, the cross-cohort predictability using the identified FCs were tested. The ADHD-HC classification accuracies were 84.4% and 81.0% for children and male adults, respectively. The ADHD-discriminative FCs shared in children and adults lie in the intra-network within default mode network (DMN) and the inter-network between DMN and ventral attention network, positively correlated with total scores of ADHD symptoms. Particularly, inter-network FC between somatomotor network and dorsal attention network was uniquely impaired in ADHDchild, positively correlated with hyperactivity index; whereas the aberrant inter-network FC between DMN and limbic network exhibited more adult-specific ADHD dysfunction. And their cross-cohort predictions were 70.4% and 75.6% between each other. This work provided imaging evidence for symptomatic changes and pathophysiological continuity in ADHD from childhood to adulthood, suggesting that FCs may serve as potential biomarkers for ADHD diagnosis.