Changes in Cortical Activation Patterns in Language Areas following an Aerobic Exercise Intervention in Older Adults

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Joe Nocera, Emory University; Bruce Crosson, Emory University; Kevin Mammino, VA Rehabilitation R&D Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation; Keith McGregor, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2017-03-06
• Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2017 Joe Nocera et al.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6340302
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Neural Plasticity
• ISSN: 2090-5904
• Volume: 2017
• Start Page: 1
• End Page: 9
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research Grant nos. E0956-W and E6860.
• Keywords: Aerobic Exercise; fMRI; inferior frontal gyrus
• Research Categories: Biology, Neuroscience

Abstract

Previous work has shown that older adults who evidence increased right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activity during language tasks show decreased sematic verbal fluency performance. The current study sought to evaluate if an aerobic exercise intervention can alter patterns of brain activity during a semantic verbal fluency task assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Thirty-two community-dwelling, sedentary older adults were enrolled to a 12-week aerobic “Spin” exercise group or a 12-week nonaerobic exercise control condition (Balance). Thirty participants completed their assigned intervention (16 Spin; 14 Balance) with pre- and postintervention assessments of a semantic verbal fluency task during fMRI and estimated VO2max testing. There was a significant increase in the change scores for estimated VO2max of the Spin group when compared to the Balance group. Semantic verbal fluency output within the scanner was also improved in the Spin group as compared to controls at postassessment. Group fMRI comparisons of IFG activity showed lower activity in the right IFG following the intervention in the aerobic Spin group when compared to the Balance group. Regression analysis of imaging data with change in both estimated VO2max and semantic verbal fluency was negatively correlated with activity in right IFG. The current work is registered as clinical trial with NCT01787292 and NCT02787655.