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Myosteatosis as a Shared Biomarker for Sarcopenia and Cachexia Using MRI and Ultrasound.

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  • 07/03/2025
Type of Material
Authors
    Jevin Lortie, University of Wisconsin-MadisonBenjamin Rush, University of Wisconsin-MadisonKatie Osterbauer, University of Wisconsin-MadisonTJ Colgan, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDaiki Tamada, University of Wisconsin-MadisonSujay Garlapati, University of Wisconsin-MadisonToby C Campbell, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.Anne Traynor, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.Ticiana Leal, Emory UniversityViharkumar Patel, Harvard Medical SchoolJeffrey J Helgager, University of Wisconsin-MadisonKenneth Lee, University of Wisconsin-MadisonScott B Reeder, University of Wisconsin-MadisonAdam J Kuchnia, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Language
  • English
Date
  • 2022
Publisher
  • Frontiers
Publication Version
Copyright Statement
  • © 2022 Lortie, Rush, Osterbauer, Colgan, Tamada, Garlapati, Campbell, Traynor, Leal, Patel, Helgager, Lee, Reeder and Kuchnia.
License
Final Published Version (URL)
Title of Journal or Parent Work
Volume
  • 3
Start Page
  • 896114
End Page
  • 896114
Grant/Funding Information
  • KO was supported in part by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK007665).
  • TJC and SR were supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK088925 and K24 DK102595) and the National Institute of Health (R01 DK100651).
  • TCC was supported by the Ellen and Peter O. Johnson Chair in Palliative Care (UW-Foundation 132580106). KL was supported by the RSNA Scholar Grant RSCH1317, the University of Wisconsin Madison Radiology Department Research and Development Fund (#1204-001), and the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program, previously through the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) grant 1UL1RR025011, and now by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), grant 9U54TR000021.
  • AK was supported by the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program through the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), grants UL1TR002373 and KL2TR002374.
  • BR was supported in part by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture Hatch project (1023263).
Abstract
  • PURPOSE: Establish bedside biomarkers of myosteatosis for sarcopenia and cachexia. We compared ultrasound biomarkers against MRI-based percent fat, histology, and CT-based muscle density among healthy adults and adults undergoing treatment for lung cancer. METHODS: We compared ultrasound and MRI myosteatosis measures among young healthy, older healthy, and older adults with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing systemic treatment, all without significant medical concerns, in a cross-sectional pilot study. We assessed each participant's rectus femoris ultrasound-based echo intensity (EI), shear wave elastography-based shear wave speed, and MRI-based proton density fat-fraction (PDFF). We also assessed BMI, rectus femoris thickness and cross-sectional area. Rectus femoris biopsies were taken for all older adults (n = 20) and we analyzed chest CT scans for older adults undergoing treatment (n = 10). We determined associations between muscle assessments and BMI, and compared these assessments between groups. RESULTS: A total of 10 young healthy adults, 10 older healthy adults, and 10 older adults undergoing treatment were recruited. PDFF was lower in young adults than in older healthy adults and older adults undergoing treatment (0.3 vs. 2.8 vs. 2.9%, respectively, p = 0.01). Young adults had significantly lower EI than older healthy adults, but not older adults undergoing treatment (48.6 vs. 81.8 vs. 75.4, p = 0.02). When comparing associations between measures, PDFF was strongly associated with EI (ρ = 0.75, p < 0.01) and moderately negatively associated with shear wave speed (ρ = -0.49, p < 0.01) but not BMI, whole leg cross-sectional area, or rectus femoris cross-sectional area. Among participants with CT scans, paraspinal muscle density was significantly associated with PDFF (ρ = -0.70, p = 0.023). Histological markers of inflammation or degradation did not differ between older adult groups. CONCLUSION: PDFF was sensitive to myosteatosis between young adults and both older adult groups. EI was less sensitive to myosteatosis between groups, yet EI was strongly associated with PDFF unlike BMI, which is typically used in cachexia diagnosis. Our results suggest that ultrasound measures may serve to determine myosteatosis at the bedside and are more useful diagnostically than traditional weight assessments like BMI. These results show promise of using EI, shear wave speed, and PDFF proxies of myosteatosis as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of sarcopenia and cachexia.
Author Notes
Keywords
Research Categories
  • Health Sciences, Oncology
  • Health Sciences, Nutrition
  • Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

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