Invasive Non-Aspergillus Mold Infections in Transplant Recipients, United States, 2001-2006

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Benjamin J. Park, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Peter G. Pappas, University of Alabama Birmingham; Kathleen A. Wannemuehler, University of Alabama Birmingham; Barbara D. Alexander, Duke University; Elias J. Anaissie, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences; David R. Andes, University of Wisconsin; John W. Baddley, University of Alabama Birmingham; Janice M. Brown, Stanford University; Lisa M. Brumble, Mayo Clinic; Alison G. Freifeld, University of Nebraska Medical Center; Susan Hadley, Tufts Medical Center; Loreen Herwaldt, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics; James I. Ito, City Hope National Medical Center; Carol A. Kauffman, University of Michigan; G Marshall Lyon III, Emory University; Kieren A. Marr, Johns Hopkins Medical Center; Vicki A. Morrison, University of Minnesota; Genovefa Papanicolaou, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Thomas F. Patterson, University of Texas San Antonio; Trish M. Perl, Johns Hopkins Med Inst; Mindy G. Schuster, University of Pennsylvania; Randall Walker, Mayo Clinic; John R. Wingard, University of Florida; Thomas J. Walsh, National Institutes of Health; Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, University of Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr
• Language: English
• Date: 2011-10-01
• Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: 2011 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1710.110087
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Emerging Infectious Disease
• ISSN: 1080-6040
• Volume: 17
• Issue: 10
• Start Page: 1855
• End Page: 1864
• Grant/Funding Information: This study was supported through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant 5U01CI000286-05 and grants from Merck & Co., Inc.; Astellas U.S., Inc.; Pfizer, Inc.; Schering-Plough Research Institute; and Enzon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
• Keywords: VORICONAZOLE; SURVEILLANCE; Immunology; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BREAKTHROUGH ZYGOMYCOSIS; CARE CANCER CENTER; DNA; Infectious Diseases; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELL; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY; SCEDOSPORIUM-PROLIFICANS
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Immunology; Health Sciences, Epidemiology

Abstract

Recent reports describe increasing incidence of non- Aspergillus mold infections in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. To investigate the epidemiology of infections with Mucorales, Fusarium spp., and Scedosporium spp. molds, we analyzed data from the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network, 23 transplant centers that conducted prospective surveillance for invasive fungal infections during 2001-2006. We identifled 169 infections (105 Mucorales, 37 Fusarium spp., and 27 Scedosporium spp.) in 169 patients; 124 (73.4%) were in HCT recipients, and 45 (26.6%) were in SOT recipients. The crude 90-day mortality rate was 56.6%. The 12-month mucormycosis cumulative incidence was 0.29% for HCT and 0.07% for SOT. Mucormycosis incidence among HCT recipients varied widely, from 0.08% to 0.69%, with higher incidence in cohorts receiving transplants during 2003 and 2004. Non-Aspergillus mold infections continue to be associated with high mortality rates. The incidence of mucormycosis in HCT recipients increased substantially during the surveillance period.