Dendritic cell control of tolerogenic responses

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Santhakumar Manicassamy, Emory University; Bali Pulendran, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2011-05
• Publisher: Wiley: 12 months
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S
• Final Published Version (URL): http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01015.x/abstract;jsessionid=C497EADAE680EDC9C3FEE188010DF554.d03t03
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Immunological Reviews
• ISSN: 0105-2896
• Volume: 241
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 206
• End Page: 227
• Grant/Funding Information: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases : NIDDK; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Extramural Activities : NIAID; We gratefully acknowledge the generous support of the National Institutes of Health and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in our work.
• Keywords: innate immunity; tolerance; dendritic cells
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Pathology

Abstract

Summary One of the most fundamental problems in immunology is the seemingly schizophrenic ability of the immune system to launch robust immunity against pathogens, while acquiring and maintaining a state of tolerance to the body’s own tissues and the trillions of commensal microorganisms and food antigens that confront it every day. A fundamental role for the innate immune system, particularly dendritic cells (DCs), in orchestrating immunological tolerance has been appreciated, but emerging studies have highlighted the nature of the innate receptors and the signaling pathways that program DCs to a tolerogenic state. Furthermore, several studies have emphasized the major role played by cellular interactions, and the microenvironment in programming tolerogenic DCs. Here we review these studies and suggest that the innate control of tolerogenic responses can be viewed as different hierarchies of organization, in which DCs, their innate receptors and signaling networks, and their interactions with other cells and local microenvironments represent different levels of the hierarchy.