Deruxtecan-Induced Reversible Fanconi Syndrome.

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Pooja Kalantri, Emory University; Koba Lomashvili, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2023-06
• Publisher: Emory University Libraries
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2023, Kalantri et al.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.40890
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Cureus
• Volume: 15
• Issue: 6
• Start Page: e40890
• End Page: e40890
• Keywords: onconephrology; electrolyte abnormalities; medication side effects; trastuzumab-deruxtecan; drug induced fanconi syndrome
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Pharmacology; Health Sciences, Oncology

Abstract

Increasingly complex and constantly emerging cancer treatment protocols are associated with kidney toxicities. Data clearly demonstrate that when patients with cancer develop acute or chronic kidney disease, severe fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, outcomes are inferior, and the promise of curative therapeutic regimens is lessened. We present a case of a 74-year-old woman with metastatic, recurrent ER+/PR-/HER2+ invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast, status post bilateral mastectomies, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapies, who were clinically stable on Trastuzumab/Pertuzumab maintenance for about a year. She then experienced disease progression. She was started on Trastuzumab+Deruxtecan (T-Dxt). However, due to worsening diarrhea of more than 12 episodes per day, decreased oral intake, weakness and weight loss, she got admitted to the hospital. Laboratory data showed hyponatremia, hypokalemia, non-anion gap metabolic acidosis, hypomagnesemia, and hypophosphatemia. These laboratory abnormalities were initially attributed to diarrhea. Renal losses were suspected when the electrolyte abnormalities did not correct despite improving diarrhea. Urine electrolytes were hence tested. There was evidence of Fanconi syndrome with glucosuria, proteinuria, and renal potassium and phosphorus wasting. Fanconi syndrome was attributed to the Deruxtecan component of the combination chemotherapy, as she was previously on Trastuzumab with no such abnormalities. The electrolyte abnormalities resolved over the course of a few months. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Fanconi syndrome due to T-Dxt.