Adipocytokines and hepatic fibrosis

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Neeraj K. Saxena, University of Maryland; Frank Anania, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2015-03-01
• Publisher: Elsevier (Cell Press)
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2015.01.002
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
• ISSN: 1043-2760
• Volume: 26
• Issue: 3
• Start Page: 153
• End Page: 161
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported by funds from the US PHS: DK062092 and VAI01BX001746 and Emory University School of Medicine, to FAA. DK077137 and 3DK089130 to NKS; funding was also provided to NKS by the University of Maryland, Department of Medicine.
• Keywords: HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; adipocytokines; leptin; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; hepatic stellate cells; Endocrinology & Metabolism; adiponectin; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; Science & Technology; METABOLIC SYNDROME; ADIPONECTIN RECEPTOR AGONIST; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; STELLATE CELL ACTIVATION; liver fibrosis
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Pathology; Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Obesity and metabolic syndrome pose significant risk for the progression of many types of chronic illness, including liver disease. Hormones released from adipocytes, adipocytokines, associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, have been shown to control hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Hepatic fibrosis is the final common pathway that can result in cirrhosis, and can ultimately require liver transplantation. Initially, two key adipocytokines, leptin and adiponectin, appeared to control many fundamental aspects of the cell and molecular biology related to hepatic fibrosis and its resolution. Leptin appears to act as a profibrogenic molecule, while adiponectin has strong-antifibrotic properties. In this review, we emphasize pertinent data associated with these and other recently discovered adipocytokines that may drive or halt the fibrogenic response in the liver.