Neurosarcoidosis in children: A systematic review and summary of cases, imaging and management

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Morgan Young, Lincoln Memorial University; Adam Ezra Goldman-Yassen, Emory University; Monique Anderson, Emory University; Amit Thakral, Emory University; MONIDEEP DUTT, Emory University; David S. Wolf, Emory University; Morgan Morris, Emory University; Grace Yoonheekim Gombolay, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2022-08-01
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577938
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Journal of Neuroimmunology
• Volume: 371
• Start Page: 577938
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number UL1TR002378 and KL2TR002381.
• Keywords: Pediatric neuroinflammation; Pediatric neurosarcoidosis; Sarcoidosis in children
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Epidemiology; Health Sciences, Immunology; Biology, Neuroscience

Abstract

Neurosarcoidosis is a rare disorder in children. We identified 30 pediatric NS cases through a systematic review. Twenty-one (70%) had systemic sarcoidosis with 30% having primary neurosarcoidosis. Eyes (37%), lymph nodes (37%) and lungs (30%) were most commonly involved. Isolated neurosarcoidosis were more likely in children (30%) than in adults (6%, p = 0.0005). Seizures and optic neuritis were also more common in children than adults (33% vs 14%, p = 0.002; and 30% versus 6%, p = 0.008, respectively). Evaluation, imaging, laboratory findings, and treatments are discussed. Additional research, including multi-center studies, is needed.