Prevalence of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma in the Last 20 Years: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Nan Zhang, Central South University; Jiaxing Wang, Emory University; Biyue Chen, Central South University; Ying Li, Emory University; Bing Jiang, Central South University
• Language: English
• Date: 2021-01-18
• Publisher: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2021 Zhang, Wang, Chen, Li and Jiang.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.624179
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
• Volume: 7
• Start Page: 624179
• End Page: 624179
• Grant/Funding Information: Supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China (82070967 and 81770930 to BJ), Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province Grant (2020jj4788 to BJ). The sponsor or funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research.
• Keywords: URBAN; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; ANTERIOR-CHAMBER-DEPTH; CHINESE POPULATION; INDIAN POPULATION; Medicine, General & Internal; Asia; age; risk factor; CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY; RURAL-POPULATION; glaucoma; General & Internal Medicine; prevalence; SINGAPORE; gender; RISK-FACTORS; ADULT CHINESE; PACG; Science & Technology; POPULATION-BASED-SURVEY
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Opthamology

Abstract

Purpose: This meta-analysis aims to investigate the worldwide prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and its risk factors in the last 20 years. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 population-based studies and 144,354 subjects. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for cross-sectional or cohort studies published in the last 20 years (2000–2020) that reported the prevalence of PACG. The prevalence of PACG was analyzed according to various risk factors. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis. Results: The global pooled prevalence of PACG was 0.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.5–0.8%] for the last 20 years. The prevalence of PACG increases with age. Men are found less likely to have PACG than women (risk ratio = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.53–0.93, p < 0.01). Asia is found to have the highest prevalence of PACG (0.7%, 95% CI = 0.6–1.0%). The current estimated population with PACG is 17.14 million (95% CI = 14.28–22.85) for people older than 40 years old worldwide, with 12.30 million (95% CI = 10.54–17.57) in Asia. It is estimated that by 2050, the global population with PACG will be 26.26 million, with 18.47 million in Asia. Conclusion: PACG affects more than 17 million people worldwide, especially leading a huge burden to Asia. The prevalence of PACG varies widely across different ages, sex, and population geographic variation. Asian, female sex, and age are risk factors of PACG.