Metabolomic profiles of plasma, exhaled breath condensate, and saliva are correlated with potential for air toxics detection

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Chandresh Nanji Ladva, Emory University; Rachel Golan, Ben Gurion University of Negev; Roby Greenwald, Georgia State University; Tianwei Yu, Emory University; Stefanie Sarnat, Emory University; William Flanders, Emory University; Karan Uppal, Emory University; Douglas Walker, Emory University; ViLinh Tran, Emory University; Donghai Liang, Emory University; Dean Jones, Emory University; Jeremy Sarnat, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2018-01-01
• Publisher: IOP Publishing: Hybrid Open Access
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1752-7163/aa863c
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Journal of Breath Research
• ISSN: 1752-7155
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 016008
• End Page: 016008
• Grant/Funding Information: Further, USEPA does not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication.; R Golan gratefully acknowledges support by a post-doctoral fellowship from the Environment and Health Fund, Jerusalem, Israel.; The content of this publication is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or the USEPA.; The presented research was supported by a Clean Air Research Center grant to Emory University and the Georgia Institute of Technology from the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA, RD834799) and a pilot award from the Human Exposome Research Center (HERCULES) at Emory University.; Shared instrumentation for metabolomics analysis was support through the National Institutes of Health (NIH, OD018006).; C Ladva acknowledges additional pre-doctoral support from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund through the Molecules the Mankind Doctoral Pathway at Emory University.
• Keywords: EXPOSURE; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; saliva; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; POLLUTION; exposure assessment; HIGH-RESOLUTION METABOLOMICS; RESPONSES; CAR COMMUTERS; exhaled breath condensate; traffic pollutants; air toxics; PARTICULATE MATTER; high-resolution metabolomics; HEALTH; Biochemical Research Methods; plasma; Respiratory System; HUMAN BLOOD; EXPOSOME; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Science & Technology
• Research Categories: Biology, Molecular; Chemistry, Biochemistry

Abstract

Introduction: Advances in the development of high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) have provided new opportunities for their use in characterizing exposures to environmental air pollutants and air pollution-related disease etiologies. Exposure assessment studies have considered blood, breath, and saliva as biological matrices suitable for measuring responses to air pollution exposures. The current study examines comparability among these three matrices using HRM and explores their potential for measuring mobile-source air toxics. Methods: Four participants provided saliva, exhaled breath concentrate (EBC), and plasma before and after a 2 h road traffic exposure. Samples were analyzed on a Thermo Scientific QExactive MS system in positive electrospray ionization mode and resolution of 70 000 full-width at half-maximum with C18 chromatography. Data were processed using an apLCMS and xMSanalyzer on the R statistical platform. Results: The analysis yielded 7110, 6019, and 7747 reproducible features in plasma, EBC, and saliva, respectively. Correlations were moderate-to-strong (R = 0.41-0.80) across all pairwise comparisons of feature intensity within profiles, with the strongest between EBC and saliva. The associations of mean intensities between matrix pairs were positive and significant, controlling for subject and sampling time effects. Six out of 20 features shared in all three matrices putatively matched a list of known mobile-source air toxics. Conclusions: Plasma, saliva, and EBC have largely comparable metabolic profiles measurable through HRM. These matrices have the potential to be used in identification and measurement of exposures to mobile-source air toxics, though further, targeted study is needed.