Specific pathogen free macaque colonies: a review of principles and recent advances for viral testing and colony management

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: JoAnn L. Yee, University of California Davis; Thomas Vanderford, Emory University; Elizabeth S. Didier, Tulane University; Stanton Gray, University of Texas; Anne Lewis, Oregon Health and Science University; Jeffrey Roberts, University of California Davis; Kerry Taylor, Oregon Health and Science University; Rudolf P. Bohm, Tulane University
• Language: English
• Date: 2016-04-01
• Publisher: Wiley: 12 months
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmp.12209
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Journal of Medical Primatology
• ISSN: 0047-2565
• Volume: 45
• Issue: 2
• Start Page: 55
• End Page: 78
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported by NIH grants: CNPRC- P51 OD011107 and U42 OD010990, TNPRC P51 OD011104, U24 OD011109, and U42 OD010568, ONPRC- P51 OD011092 and U42 OD010426, YNPRC- P51 OD011132 and U24 OD011023.
• Keywords: HERPES-B-VIRUS; T-CELL LEUKEMIA; NONHUMAN PRIMATE MODELS; specific pathogen free; D RETROVIRUS INFECTION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; macaque colony management; MONKEYS MACACA-FASCICULARIS; FREE BREEDING COLONIES; herpes B virus; Veterinary Sciences; simian immunodeficiency virus; STUMP-TAILED MACAQUES; Zoology; SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; virus testing; Science & Technology; simian betaretrovirus; MANGABEYS CERCOCEBUS-ATYS; simian T-cell lymphotropic virus
• Research Categories: Biology, Zoology; Health Sciences, General

Abstract

Specific pathogen free (SPF) macaques provide valuable animal models for biomedical research. In 1989, the National Center for Research Resources [now Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP)] of the National Institutes of Health initiated experimental research contracts to establish and maintain SPF colonies. The derivation and maintenance of SPF macaque colonies is a complex undertaking requiring knowledge of the biology of the agents for exclusion and normal physiology and behavior of macaques, application of the latest diagnostic technology, facilitiy management, and animal husbandry. This review provides information on the biology of the four viral agents targeted for exclusion in ORIP SPF macaque colonies, describes current state-of-the-art viral diagnostic algorithms, presents data from proficiency testing of diagnostic assays between laboratories at institutions participating in the ORIP SPF program, and outlines management strategies for maintaining the integrity of SPF colonies using results of diagnostic testing as a guide to decision making.