A comprehensive atlas of white matter tracts in the chimpanzee

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Katherine L Bryant, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Longchuan Li, Emory University; Nicole Eichert, University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division; Rogier B Mars, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-12-31
• Publisher: PLoS
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2020 Bryant et al
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000971
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: PLoS Biology
• Volume: 18
• Issue: 12
• Start Page: e3000971
• End Page: e3000971
• Grant/Funding Information: K.L.B. was supported by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from the European Commission [MSCA-IF 750026]; L. L. is supported by the National Institutes of Health [1R01EB027147, 2P50MH100029, 1R01MH118534, 1R01MH118285]; N.E. is a Wellcome Trust Doctoral student in Neuroscience at the University of Oxford [203730/Z/16/Z]. R.B.M. is supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council UK [BB/N019814/1] and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research [452-13-015]. The Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging is supported by core funding from the Wellcome Trust [203129/Z/16/Z]. Chimpanzee brain scans were acquired prior to the 2015 implementation of U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Institutes of Health regulations governing research with chimpanzees, made possible through the Yerkes Base Grant [ORIP/OD P51OD011132]; an archive of these scans has been made available through the National Chimpanzee Brain Resource [NIH NINDS NS092988]. Human brain scans were made available through the Human Connectome Project [1U54MH091657]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
• Keywords: Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Male; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Anatomy, Artistic; Animals; Female; Pan troglodytes; Brain Mapping; White Matter; Atlases as Topic; Brain; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
• Research Categories: Biology, Neuroscience; Health Sciences, Rehabilitation and Therapy; Psychology, Behavioral; Health Sciences, General

Abstract

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are, along with bonobos, humans’ closest living relatives. The advent of diffusion MRI tractography in recent years has allowed a resurgence of comparative neuroanatomical studies in humans and other primate species. Here we offer, in comparative perspective, the first chimpanzee white matter atlas, constructed from in vivo chimpanzee diffusion-weighted scans. Comparative white matter atlases provide a useful tool for identifying neuroanatomical differences and similarities between humans and other primate species. Until now, comprehensive fascicular atlases have been created for humans (Homo sapiens), rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), and several other nonhuman primate species, but never in a nonhuman ape. Information on chimpanzee neuroanatomy is essential for understanding the anatomical specializations of white matter organization that are unique to the human lineage.