Ileal Derived Organoids From Crohn's Disease Patients Show Unique Transcriptomic and Secretomic Signatures

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Barbara Niklinska-Schirtz, Emory University; Suresh Venkateswaran, Emory University; Murugadas Anbazhagan, Emory University; Vasantha Kolachala, Emory University; Jarod Prince, Emory University; Anne Dodd, Emory University; Raghavan Chinnadurai, Emory University; Gregory Gibson, Georgia Institute of Technology; Lee A Denson, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; David Cutler, Emory University; Anil G Jegga, University of Cincinnati; Jason Matthews, Emory University; Subramaniam Kugathasan, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2021-09-17
• Publisher: ELSEVIER INC
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2021 The Authors
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.06.018
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 4
• Start Page: 1267
• End Page: 1280
• Grant/Funding Information: Research reported in this publication was supported in part by the Integrated Cellular Imaging shared resource of Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and NIH/NCI under award number P30CA138292. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.; Supported in part by NIH (DK89674) and the Marcus Foundation. JDM was in part supported by a career development award from Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation CDA#451678; This work was also funded from NIH T32 grant number DK108735-4 for BJN fellowship.
• Keywords: Science & Technology; Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Secretome; Intestinal Epithelium; Children; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Inflammatory Bowel Disease; GENE-EXPRESSION; ADENOCARCINOMA; Human Intestinal Organoids; CHEMOKINE; BOWEL; IMMUNE CELLS; CYTOKINE; Epigenetics; RANTES
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery; Health Sciences, Nutrition

Abstract

Background & Aims: We used patient-derived organoids (PDOs) to study the epithelial-specific transcriptional and secretome signatures of the ileum during Crohn's disease (CD) with varying phenotypes to screen for disease profiles and potential druggable targets. Methods: RNA sequencing was performed on isolated intestinal crypts and 3-week-old PDOs derived from ileal biopsies of CD patients (n = 8 B1, inflammatory; n = 8 B2, stricturing disease) and non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) controls (n = 13). Differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified by comparing CD vs control, B1 vs B2, and inflamed vs non-inflamed. DE genes were used for computational screening to find candidate small molecules that could potentially reverse B1and B2 gene signatures. The secretome of a second cohort (n = 6 non-IBD controls, n = 7 CD, 5 non-inflamed, 2 inflamed) was tested by Luminex using cultured organoid conditioned medium. Results: We found 90% similarity in both the identity and abundance of protein coding genes between PDOs and intestinal crypts (15,554 transcripts of 19,900 genes). DE analysis identified 814 genes among disease group (CD vs non-IBD control), 470 genes different between the CD phenotypes, and 5 false discovery rate correction significant genes between inflamed and non-inflamed CD. The PDOs showed both similarity and diversity in the levels and types of soluble cytokines and growth factors they released. Perturbagen analysis revealed potential candidate compounds to reverse B2 disease phenotype to B1 in PDOs. Conclusions: PDOs are similar at the transcriptome level with the in vivo epithelium and retain disease-specific gene expression for which we have identified secretome products, druggable targets, and corresponding pharmacologic agents. Targeting the epithelium could reverse a stricturing phenotype and improve outcomes.