Adjustment disorder and risk of Parkinson's disease

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Elisabeth Svensson, Aarhus University Hospital; Dóra Körmendiné Farkas, Aarhus University Hospital; Jaimie L.. Gradus, Aarhus University Hospital; Timothy Lash, Emory University; Henrik Toft Sorensen, Aarhus University Hospital
• Language: English
• Date: 2016-04-01
• Publisher: Wiley: 12 months
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2016.
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ene.12933
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: European Journal of Neurology
• ISSN: 1351-5101
• Volume: 23
• Issue: 4
• Start Page: 751
• End Page: 756
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported by a National Institute of Mental Health grant: “Constructing a Danish Reaction to Severe Stress Cohort” (1R21MH094551-01A1), Jaimie Gradus, Principal Investigator, The Program for Clinical Research Infrastructure established by Lundbeck and Novo Nordisk Foundations, Aarhus University Research Foundation
• Keywords: Clinical Neurology; DEPRESSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; REGISTER; SYSTEM; SEVERE STRESS; Neurosciences; SYMPTOMS; Parkinson's disease; Neurosciences & Neurology; Science & Technology; COHORT; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; adjustment disorder; psychological stress; DIAGNOSES; SMOKING
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Epidemiology; Psychology, Clinical

Abstract

Objective It has been postulated that stress is part of the etiological process of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We examined the risk of PD in a cohort of patients with adjustment disorders, a diagnosis made in the presence of a severe response to a stressful life event Methods Using Danish medical registries, we examined PD occurrence in a nationwide population-based cohort of patients with adjustment disorder diagnosed between 1995 and 2011. We calculated standardized incidence ratios of PD, as the ratio of observed to expected cases, stratified by time and potential risk factors, including depression and anxiety. Results Our adjustment disorder cohort (67,786 patients) was followed for a median of eight years (inter quartile range: 4, 12.6 years). During follow-up, 119 patients developed PD, versus 64 expected, corresponding to a standardized incidence ratio of 1.84 (95% confidence interval 1.53, 2.20). Consistent results were observed after stratification on potential risk factors, including depression and anxiety. Conclusion Adjustment disorder, a diagnosis made in the presence of severe response to stressful life events, was associated with an increased risk of PD.