Transcriptional Mechanisms of Secondary Fracture Healing

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Joseph L. Roberts, Emory University; David N. Paglia, Rutgers State University; Moulay Drissi, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2018-04-01
• Publisher: Springer (part of Springer Nature): Springer Open Choice Hybrid Journals
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11914-018-0429-9
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Current Osteoporosis Reports
• ISSN: 1544-1873
• Volume: 16
• Issue: 2
• Start Page: 146
• End Page: 154
• Grant/Funding Information: This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant number R01AR063661).
• Keywords: RISK-FACTORS; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; MicroRNA; CHONDROCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; Transcriptome; Gene expression; Science & Technology; NON-UNIONS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Epigenetics; BONE REPAIR; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Transcription factor; Bone; MICE; ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION; EXPRESSION; SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT
• Research Categories: Biology, Genetics; Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Purpose of Review: Growing evidence supports the critical role of transcriptional mechanisms in promoting the spatial and temporal progression of bone healing. In this review, we evaluate and discuss new transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of secondary bone repair, along with emerging evidence for epigenetic regulation of fracture healing. Recent Findings: Using the candidate gene approach has identified new roles for several transcription factors in mediating the reactive, reparative, and remodeling phases of fracture repair. Further characterization of the different epigenetic controls of fracture healing and fracture-driven transcriptome changes between young and aged fracture has identified key biological pathways that may yield therapeutic targets. Furthermore, exogenously delivered microRNA to post-transcriptionally control gene expression is quickly becoming an area with great therapeutic potential. Summary: Activation of specific transcriptional networks can promote the proper progression of secondary bone healing. Targeting these key factors using small molecules or through microRNA may yield effective therapies to enhance and possibly accelerate fracture healing.