Validation of an Age-Appropriate Screening Tool for Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport in Young Athletes

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Cassidy M. Foley Davelaar, Nemours Children's Health System; Megan Ostrom, Emory University; Justine Schulz, Emory University; Katelyn Trane, Emory University; Amy Wolkin, Emory University; Julie Granger, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-06-12
• Publisher: Cureus, Inc.
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2020 Cureus.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8579
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Cureus
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 6
• Grant/Funding Information: None declared
• Keywords: medical screening; female athlete triad; female athlete; young athlete; relative energy deficiency in sport
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Public Health; Psychology, Physiological; Health Sciences, Rehabilitation and Therapy

Abstract

Background The purpose of this study was to determine the concurrent validity of a newly created relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) specific screening tool (RST) by comparing scores with the validated pre-participation gynecological examination (PPGE). We hypothesized that the investigators would observe no significant difference between the means of the RST and the PPGE survey. Methods This was a crossover study of 39 female subjects who completed both the RST and the PPGE. The survey order was randomized. Results The RST was validated compared with the PPGE (Pearson’s r = 0.697, p < 0.001). Conclusion The administration of an RST to middle- and high-school female athletes was validated compared with the PPGE. Formatting limitations of the screening tool were highlighted, leading to changes that improved the accuracy of the screening tool prior to application in a clinical setting. The RST is an age-appropriate screening tool that can be used by coaches, athletic trainers, physical therapists, and other healthcare practitioners to detect RED-S risk and allow for earlier intervention.