Publication

Deep brain stimulation macroelectrodes compared to multiple microelectrodes in rat hippocampus

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Last modified
  • 02/25/2025
Type of Material
Authors
    Sharanya Arcot Desai, Georgia Institute of TechnologyClaire-Anne Gutekunst, Emory UniversitySteve Potter, Emory UniversityRobert Gross, Emory University
Language
  • English
Date
  • 2014-06-12
Publisher
  • Frontiers Media
Publication Version
Copyright Statement
  • © 2014 Arcot Desai, Gutekunst, Potter and Gross.
License
Final Published Version (URL)
Title of Journal or Parent Work
ISSN
  • 1662-6443
Volume
  • 7
Issue
  • JUN
Start Page
  • 16
End Page
  • 16
Grant/Funding Information
  • This work was supported by the CURE Foundation, NSF EFRI 1238097, Wallace H. Coulter foundation.
  • The Schlumberger Faculty for the Future fellowship supported Sharanya Arcot Desai.
Abstract
  • Microelectrode arrays (wire diameter <50 μm) were compared to traditional macroelec-trodes for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Understanding the neuronal activation volume may help solve some of the mysteries associated with DBS, e.g., its mechanisms of action. We used c-fos immunohistochemistry to investigate neuronal activation in the rat hippocampus caused by multi-micro- and macroelectrode stimulation. At ± 1V stimulation at 25 Hz, microelectrodes (33 μm diameter) had a radius of activation of 100 μm, which is 50% of that seen with 150 μm diameter macroelectrode stimulation. Macroelectrodes activated about 5.8 times more neurons than a single microelectrode, but displaced ~20 times more neural tissue. The sphere of influence of stimulating electrodes can be significantly increased by reducing their impedance. By ultrasonic electroplating (sonicoplating) the microelectrodes with platinum to increase their surface area and reduce their impedance by an order of magnitude, the radius of activation increased by 50 μm and more than twice the number of neurons were activated within this increased radius compared to unplated microelectrodes.We suggest that a new approach to DBS, one that uses multiple high-surface area microelectrodes, may be more therapeutically effective due to increased neuronal activation.
Author Notes
  • Correspondence: Steve M. Potter, Laboratory for Neuroengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA e-mail: steve.potter@bme.gatech.edu; Robert E. Gross, Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Suite 6329, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA, e-mail: rgross@emory.edu
Keywords
Research Categories
  • Biology, Neuroscience
  • Engineering, Biomedical

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