Definitions, Biology, and Current Therapeutic Landscape of Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Margo B. Gerke, Emory University; Ilias Christodoulou, University of Pittsburgh; Theodoros Karantanos, Johns Hopkins University
• Language: English
• Date: 2023-08-01
• Publisher: MDPI AG
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2023 by the authors.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153815
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Cancers
• Volume: 15
• Issue: 15
• Grant/Funding Information: This research received no external funding.
• Keywords: MDS/MPN overlap syndromes; myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms; CMML; aCML; MDS/MPN-NOS; MDS/MPN-RS-T-NOS; MDS/MPN-T-SF3B1
• Research Categories: Biology, General

Abstract

Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative (MDS/MPN) neoplasms are blood disorders characterized by abnormal cell growth and development. These disorders encompass various subtypes, including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, and others. They are caused by genetic changes in different cell components and have distinct clinical features. Current treatment options mostly involve drugs that control the disease, including hypomethylating agents, ruxolitinib, lenalidomide, and venetoclax, but do not offer a cure. However, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has the potential to cure these disorders. Several factors, such as overall health, spleen enlargement, and genetic alterations, can influence the outcome of transplantation. Future research is crucial to improving treatment approaches and patient outcomes for MDS/MPN neoplasms. This review provides an overview of the diagnosis, biology, and current and upcoming treatments, including bone marrow transplantation, for these complex blood disorders. This review will shed light on the complexities of MDS/MPN neoplasms and will inform future research for improved therapeutic strategies and patient care in the future.