Retrospective Exposure Estimation and Predicted versus Observed Serum Perfluorooctanoic Acid Concentrations for Participants in the C8 Health Project

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Hyeong-Moo Shin, University of California Irvine; Verónica M. Vieira, Boston University; P Barry Ryan, Emory University; Kyle Steenland, Emory University; Scott M. Bartell, University of California Irvine
• Language: English
• Date: 2011-12-01
• Publisher: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: Public Domain
• License: Creative Commons Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1103729
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Environmental Health Perspectives
• ISSN: 0091-6765
• Volume: 119
• Issue: 12
• Start Page: 1760
• End Page: 1765
• Grant/Funding Information: Funding was also provided by the Research and Education in Green Materials Program at University of California, Irvine (award UC-44157).; Funds are administered by an agency that reports to the court.; Our work and conclusions are independent of either party to the lawsuit.; This research was funded by the C8 Class Action Settlement Agreement (Circuit Court of Wood County, WV) between DuPont and plaintiffs, which resulted from releases into drinking water of the chemical perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, or C8).
• Keywords: PERFLUOROCHEMICALS; CHEMICALS; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; PFOA; PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; Environmental Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; exposure; pharmacokinetics; WATER; perfluorooctanoic acid; Science & Technology; serum; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Public Health; Environmental Sciences

Abstract

Background: People living or working in eastern Ohio and western West Virginia have been exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) released by DuPont Washington Works facilities. Objectives: Our objective was to estimate historical PFOA exposures and serum concentrations experienced by 45,276 non-occupationally exposed participants in the C8 Health Project who consented to share their residential histories and a 2005-2006 serum PFOA measurement. Methods: We estimated annual PFOA exposure rates for each individual based on predicted calibrated water concentrations and predicted air concentrations using an environmental fate and transport model, individual residential histories, and maps of public water supply networks. We coupled individual exposure estimates with a one-compartment absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) model to estimate time-dependent serum concentrations. Results: For all participants (n = 45,276), predicted and observed median serum concentrations in 2005-2006 are 14.2 and 24.3 ppb, respectively [Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r s ) = 0.67]. For participants who provided daily public well water consumption rate and who had the same residence and workplace in one of six municipal water districts for 5 years before the serum sample (n = 1,074), predicted and observed median serum concentrations in 2005-2006 are 32.2 and 40.0 ppb, respectively (r s = 0.82). Conclusions: Serum PFOA concentrations predicted by linked exposure and ADME models correlated well with observed 2005-2006 human serum concentrations for C8 Health Project participants. These individualized retrospective exposure and serum estimates are being used in a variety of epidemiologic studies being conducted in this region.