Small Cell Lung Cancer: Therapies and Targets

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Rathi Pillai, Emory University; Taofeek K Owonikoko, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2014-02-01
• Publisher: Elsevier: 12 months
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2014 Elsevier Inc.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.seminoncol.2013.12.015
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Seminars in Oncology
• ISSN: 0093-7754
• Volume: 41
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 133
• End Page: 142
• Grant/Funding Information: Supported in part by NIH/NCI K23 grant to Taofeek K. Owonikoko
• Keywords: Life Sciences & Biomedicine; PHASE-III TRIAL; Science & Technology; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; CISPLATIN PLUS ETOPOSIDE; Oncology; 1ST-LINE TREATMENT; C-KIT; PROPHYLACTIC CRANIAL IRRADIATION; INDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY; THORACIC RADIOTHERAPY; FORTHCOMING 7TH EDITION; 2ND-LINE THERAPY
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Oncology

Abstract

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains a fatal disease due to limited therapeutic options. Systemic chemotherapy is the bedrock of treatment for both the limited and extensive stages of the disease. However, the established management paradigm of platinum-based chemotherapy has reached an efficacy plateau. A modest survival improvement, approximately 5%, was witnessed with the addition of cranial or thoracic radiation to systemic chemotherapy. Other strategies to improve outcome of platinum-based chemotherapy in the last two decades have met with minimal success. The substitution of irinotecan for etoposide in the frontline treatment of SCLC achieved significant efficacy benefit in Japanese patients, but similar benefit could not be reproduced in other patient populations. Salvage treatment for recurrent or progressive SCLC is particularly challenging, where topotecan remains the only agent with regulatory approval to date. Ongoing evaluation of biologic agents targeting angiogenesis, sonic hedgehog pathway, DNA repair pathway, and immune checkpoint modulators hold some promise for improved outcome in SCLC. It is hoped that the coming decade will witness the application of new molecular biology and genomic research techniques to improve our understanding of SCLC biology and identification of molecular subsets that can be targeted appropriately using established and emerging biological agents similar to the accomplishments of the last decade with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).